Perencanaan dan Pengendalian Bahan Baku Polyester Fleece Fabrics dengan Pola Data Statik (Studi Kasus : PT. Asia Pasific Fibers, Tbk-karawang)

PT. Asia Pacific Fibers adalah Perusahaan yang memproduksi bahan Polyester Fleece Fabrics yang memiliki masalah dalam hal pengendalian inventory. Perusahaan ini selalu mengalami over-inventory setelah melakukan proses produksi. Perencanaan kebutuhan ataupun pengendalian bahan baku diperlukan agar Perusahaan dapat mengalokasikan bahan baku tepat dan sesuai dengan apa yang dibutuhkan tanpa adanya waste. Pengolahan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan peramalan dengan menggunakan 12 Months Simple Moving Average, kemudian menentukan karakteristik data permintaan sepanjang tahun 2015 dengan menggunakan metode Peterson-Silver Rule, dan kemudian menentukan perbandingan estimasi total biaya dengan menggunakan teknik lot sizing Lot for Lot dan teknik lot sizing Economic Order Quantity. Karakteristik data yang didapat dari hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Peterson-Silver Rule merupakan data statik. Estimasi total biaya yang didapat dengan menggunakan teknik lot sizing Lot for Lot adalah Rp. 1.784.294.627, dan estimasi total biaya yang didapat dengan menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity adalah Rp. 625.367.083. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dan analisa, maka lebih baik Perusahaan mengganti strategi teknik lot sizing Lot for Lot dengan teknik lot sizing Economic Order Quantity dalam proses order bahan baku, karena hasil analisa estimasi total biaya pemesanan bahan baku yang didapat dengan menggunakan teknik lot sizing Economic Order Quantity jauh lebih murah

A prospective assessment of antimicrobial agents utilization pattern in a tertiary care hospital

Background: The antimicrobial resistance is increasing globally and, concurrently, downward trend in development of newer antibiotics is leading to a serious public health problem and economic consequences.Methods: Prescriptions with at least one antimicrobial were included in the study. A total of 242 prescriptions were included in the study. The antimicrobials were classified into different classes based on WHO-ATC classification.Results: A total of 281 antimicrobials prescribed in 242 prescriptions with an average of 1.16 per prescription. In most of the prescriptions, 1 antimicrobial were prescribed (88.43%). The routes of the antimicrobial administration were mostly oral 268 (95.37%) followed by injectable 13 (4.63%). The most commonly prescribed classes of antimicrobial in this study were antibacterials for systemic use (J01) (74.02%) followed by antimycobacterials (J04) (13.88%), antiparasitic drugs (P) (8.19%), antimycotics for systemic use (J02) (2.49%) and antivirals for systemic use (J05) (1.42%). Among antibacterials, the most commonly prescribed classes of antibacterial was various antibacterial FDCs (19.22%), followed by quinolones (18.86%), macrolides (18.15%), β-lactams (11.03%) cephalosporins (6.76%), penicillins (4.27%), aminoglycosides (2.84%), metronidazole (1.78%), clindamycin (1.78%) and tetracycline (0.36%). The total percentage of antimicrobials prescribed as Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs) were 32.38%.Conclusions: The present study has reported that most commonly prescribed antimicrobials were quinolones followed by macrolides and β-lactams. Recommendations to change the ongoing prescribing practices should be based on the Standard Treatment Guidelines, EDL and Antibiotic policy or by following the information, education, and communication (IEC) interventions

A study of bone mineral density among people living with HIV in India and its correlation with CD4 count

Background: Data on the prevalence of osteoporosis in HIV patients in Asian population is scarce this study was done to find out the prevalence of osteoporosis in HIV infected patients and its correlation with CD4 counts.Methods: This cross- sectional study was conducted in NACO- ART center of tertiary care hospital. Total 115 HIV patients were included in this study which were divided into ART naive (n= 69) and patients taking ART (n= 46). We analysed BMD by DEXA in 115 HIV positive patients and 78 HIV negative age and sex matched controls. Correlation of BMD with a CD4 count and ART regimen was studied.Results: BMD was found to be low in HIV positive patients. T score in HIV positive patients was significantly lower (p<0.05) as compared to the HIV negative control group. The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV positive patients was 50.4% and 29.6% respectively, as compared to 23.1% and 2.6% in HIV negative controls. BMD showed relation with CD4 count. We did not find any statistical difference between any ART regimen and BMD.Conclusions: The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV infected cases was higher as compared to HIV negative controls and higher in ART group as compared to ART naïve group. Low BMD levels show correlation with low CD4 count. We recommend that HIV positive patients especially with advanced stage of disease, low CD4 count should be screened for low BMD by DEXA scan for osteoporosis and managed accordingl

Advances in Pediatric Neurovirology

Viral infections of the pediatric central nervous system (CNS) encompass a broad spectrum of both perinatally and postnatally acquired diseases with potentially devastating effects on the developing brain. In children, viral infections have been associated with chronic encephalopathy, encephalitis, demyelinating disease, tumors, and epilepsy. Older diagnostic techniques of biopsy, viral culture, electron microscopy, gel-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and viral titer quantification are being replaced with more rapid, sensitive, and specific real-time and microarray-based PCR technologies. Advances in neuroimaging technologies have provided for earlier recognition of CNS injury without elucidation of specific viral etiology. Although the mainstay therapy of many pediatric neurovirologic diseases, aside from HIV, includes intravenous acyclovir, much work is being done to develop novel antiviral immunotherapies aimed at both treating and preventing pediatric CNS viral disease

Investigation into repetitive concussion in sport (RECOS): study protocol of a prospective, exploratory, observational cohort study

Sport-related concussion management remains a diagnostic dilemma to clinicians in all strata of care, coaching staff and players alike. The lack of objective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and over-reliance on subjective clinical assessments carries a significant health risk of undiagnosed concussive episodes and early return to play before full recovery increasing the risk of sustaining additional concussion, and leading to long-term sequelae and/or unfavourable outcome. To identify a set of parameters (neuroimaging with neurophysiological, biological and neuropsychological tests) that may support pitch-side and outpatient clinical decision-making in order to objectively diagnose concussion, determine the severity of injury, guide a safe return to play and identify the potential predictors of the long-term sequelae of concussion. An exploratory, observational, prospective, cohort study recruiting between 2017 and 2020. The participants will have a baseline preseason screening (brain imaging, neuropsychological assessments, serum, urine and saliva sampling). If a screened player later suffers a concussion and/or multiple concussions then he/she will be assessed again with the same protocol within 72 hours, and their baseline data will be used as internal control as well as normative data. Inferential statistical analysis will be performed to determine correlations between biological, imaging techniques and neuropsychological assessments. This study was approved by the East of England-Essex Research Ethics Committee on 22 September 2017-REC 17/EE/0275; IRAS 216703. The results of this study will be presented at national and international conferences and submitted for publication in peer reviewed journals. ISRCTN16974791; Pre-results. [Abstract copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.

2022 Review of Data-Driven Plasma Science

Data-driven science and technology offer transformative tools and methods to science. This review article highlights the latest development and progress in the interdisciplinary field of data-driven plasma science (DDPS), i.e., plasma science whose progress is driven strongly by data and data analyses. Plasma is considered to be the most ubiquitous form of observable matter in the universe. Data associated with plasmas can, therefore, cover extremely large spatial and temporal scales, and often provide essential information for other scientific disciplines. Thanks to the latest technological developments, plasma experiments, observations, and computation now produce a large amount of data that can no longer be analyzed or interpreted manually. This trend now necessitates a highly sophisticated use of high-performance computers for data analyses, making artificial intelligence and machine learning vital components of DDPS. This article contains seven primary sections, in addition to the introduction and summary. Following an overview of fundamental data-driven science, five other sections cover widely studied topics of plasma science and technologies, i.e., basic plasma physics and laboratory experiments, magnetic confinement fusion, inertial confinement fusion and high-energy-density physics, space and astronomical plasmas, and plasma technologies for industrial and other applications. The final section before the summary discusses plasma-related databases that could significantly contribute to DDPS. Each primary section starts with a brief introduction to the topic, discusses the state-of-the-art developments in the use of data and/or data-scientific approaches, and presents the summary and outlook. Despite the recent impressive signs of progress, the DDPS is still in its infancy. This article attempts to offer a broad perspective on the development of this field and identify where further innovations are required

Antiangiogenic agents in the treatment of recurrent or newly diagnosed glioblastoma: Analysis of single-agent and combined modality approaches

Surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma can prolong survival, but it is not curative. For patients with disease progression after frontline therapy, there is no standard of care, although further surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy may be used. Antiangiogenic therapies may be appropriate for treating glioblastomas because angiogenesis is critical to tumor growth. In a large, noncomparative phase II trial, bevacizumab was evaluated alone and with irinotecan in patients with recurrent glioblastoma; combination treatment was associated with an estimated 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate of 50.3%, a median overall survival of 8.9 months, and a response rate of 37.8%. Single-agent bevacizumab also exceeded the predetermined threshold of activity for salvage chemotherapy (6-month PFS rate, 15%), achieving a 6-month PFS rate of 42.6% (p < 0.0001). On the basis of these results and those from another phase II trial, the US Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval of single-agent bevacizumab for the treatment of glioblastoma that has progressed following prior therapy. Potential antiangiogenic agents-such as cilengitide and XL184-also show evidence of single-agent activity in recurrent glioblastoma. Moreover, the use of antiangiogenic agents with radiation at disease progression may improve the therapeutic ratio of single-modality approaches. Overall, these agents appear to be well tolerated, with adverse event profiles similar to those reported in studies of other solid tumors. Further research is needed to determine the role of antiangiogenic therapy in frontline treatment and to identify the optimal schedule and partnering agents for use in combination therapy